心臟病
血管疾病
及運動

Cardiac Rehabilitation

Exercise reduces risk of death in patients with heart disease

Several meta-analyses concluded that cardiac rehabilitation exercises reduce mortality and improve health-related quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction1,2,3.

1. O'Connor GT, Buring JE, Yusuf S, Goldhaber SZ, Olmstead EM, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hennekens CH.. An overview of randomized trials of rehabilitation with exercise after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1989; 80:234–44.
2. Oldridge NB, Guyatt GH, Fischer ME, Rimm AA. Cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction: combined experience of randomized clinical trials. JAMA 1988; 260: 945–50.
3. Jolliffe JA, Rees K, Taylor RS, Thompson DR, Oldridge N, Ebrahim S.. Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001(1): CD001800.

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Exercise is beneficial post heart attack, after bypass surgery, Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), in angina pectoris, and patients with coronary heart disease discovered during checkups.

Myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Cardiovascular bypass surgery

Coronary heart disease found on checkup

Coronary Artery Dilatation / Arterial Stent (PTCA)

Angina pectoris (chest pain)

One of the analysis conducted in patients with myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiovascular bypass surgery (bypass surgery), coronary artery dilation / arterial stent (PTCA), angina pectoris or any discovered coronary artery disease, concluded that exercise can reduce cardiac mortality by 31%3. The results show that a comprehensive exercise program is an important part of the rehabilitation process4.

3. JOLLIFFE JA, REES K, TAYLOR RS, THOMPSON DR, OLDRIDGE N, EBRAHIM S.. EXERCISE-BASED REHABILITATION FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE. COCHRANE DATABASE SYST REV 2001(1): CD001800.
4. Thompson PD, Buchner D, Pina IL, et al. American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention; American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Subcommittee on Physical Activity. Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology (Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention) and the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Physical Activity). Circulation 2003 Jun 24;107(24):3109-16.

Heart failure patients: reduce morbidity and re-admission

Useful for ankle edema

Studies found that exercise is beneficial for patients with heart failure, including improved physical fitness (from 10% up to 30% )5,6quality of life, reducing morbidity and rehospitalization7.

Investigator recommends exercising 3-5 times per week, 30-60 minutes of moderate intensity. They can be performed in split stages of 5-10 minutes8.

5. Keteyian SJ, Levine AB, Brawner CA et al. Exercise training in patients with heart failure. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 1051–7.
6. Papathanasiou G, Tsamis N, Georgiadou P, Adamopoulos S. Beneficial effects of physical training and methodology of exercise prescription in patients with heart failure. Hellenic J Cardiol, 2008; 49: 267–77.
7. Piepoli MF, Davos C, Francis DP, Coats AJ; ExTraMATCH Collaborative. Exercise training meta-analysis of trials in patients with chronic heart failure (ExTraMATCH). BMJ 2004; 328: 189.
8. Vanhees L, Rauch B, Piepoli M, van Buuren F, Takken T, Borjesson M, et al. Importance of characteristics and modalities of physical activity and exercise in the management of cardiovascular health in individuals with cardiovascular disease (Part III). Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2012 Dec;19(6):1333-56

Exercise for Patients with thoracotomy9

Moderate to intense exercise in open heart surgery patients should be regularly evaluated

01

Should follow exercise instructions prescribed

02

Should be regularly reevaluated by professionals

03

Regularly checkups for sternal instability

9. ACSM’s Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription 2014

Deep venous thrombosis (economy class syndrome)

Ninety-five patients with deep venous thrombosis were randomized to a two-center, six-month controlled trial exercise training program, and found that the condition of the exercise group improved10.

10. Kahn SR, Shrier I, Shapiro S, et al. Six-month exercise training program to treat post-thrombotic syndrome: a randomized controlled two-centre trial. CMAJ. 2011;183(1):37–44.

After coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), exercise can improve blood pressure and resting heart function, and walking distance is significantly improved11.

10. Kahn SR, Shrier I, Shapiro S, et al. Six-month exercise training program to treat post-thrombotic syndrome: a randomized controlled two-centre trial. CMAJ. 2011;183(1):37–44.

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